A Short History of the Pinot Noir Wine Grape

Pinot Noir is one of the oldest vine grape varietiesripening variety so spring frosts are devastating. Pinot
known and was named by the noble Pinot familyNoir at The Gurdies has budburst at the end of
after the pinecone shape of the grape bunches.September, veraison (when the grape changes from
Pinot's been cultivated in Burgundy since the 1stgreen to purple) end of January to early February
century AD. One legend has it arriving in Burgundy viaand we harvest anywhere from the end of March in
the Aedui from their invasions of Lombardy and Italy.a hot season till the end of April in a cold season.
Another legend has it arriving via the Romans whileWhen picked too late the thinskinned berries will
other tales refer to the Romans finding Pinot alreadyshrivel up and lose all flavour. Extracting all the colour
established in the region.is another challenge. When fully ripe, the Pinot Noir
With the Barbarian invaders driving the Romans fromberry is a very light purple colour and requires careful
the region, the Catholic church inadvertently becamehandling to make the most of the light colour.
custodian of the fine Pinots. The monks used PinotPinot Noir goes through a range of changes as it
Noir in their sacraments and hence gained approvalmatures. A young wine will show simple fruity
for the wine. They improved the varietal throughcharacteristics including: cherry, plum, raspberry and
careful vineyard practices and by the 6th century,strawberry. The complex flavours emerge as it ages
most of Burgundy was divided into church ownedrevealing chocolate, earthiness, smoke and truffles.
vineyards. The first documented mention of PinotOnly Pinot Noir, Chardonnay and Meunier grapes are
Noir in Burgundy doesn't occur till 1345. French monkspermitted in sparkling wines from the Champagne
brought the grape to the Rheingau region where it'sregion. Around the world other varieties are used to
been cultivated since 1470. Church owned vineyardsproduce sparkling wines but Pinot Noir is a key
were seized and distributed to families in Burgundyvariety anywhere in the world.
during the French revolution around 1789 resulting inPinot Noir has many close relatives in the grape world.
an independently owned and run vineyard model thatThe best known include:
still survives today.Pinot Bianco or Pinot Blanc. Pinot Blanc in Australia is
Burgundy is home to Pinot Noir. Within the Burgundyreally Chardonnay.
region, a 30-mile long by 2-mile wide stretch of landPinot Blanc has been identified as Melon de
known as the Côte d'Or (Slope of Gold)Bourgogne. The French Alsace region is the best
consistently produces some of Europe's finest Pinots.know home for Pinot Blanc. The wines produced are
This strip has ideal chalky, well-drained soil, goodlight and yeasty with an apple nose. Some names
sunlight exposure with above average temperaturesPinot Blanc/Bianco hides behind in other parts of the
and gentle slopes. All characteristics you'll also find inworld include: Beli Pinot, Clevner, Weissburgunder,
Australia's top Pinot Noir growing regions.Weisserburgunder, and Weisser Klevner.
Wonderful Pinot Noirs come from all over the world.Pinot Chardonnay is often used to describe a
It's grown in many countries and is known byChardonnay.
different names in different countries. Some locationsPinot Gris, Pinot Grigio or Pinot Beurot all refer to the
and names include:Algeria, Argentina, Australia, Austriasame grape. The name comes from Gris, being
(called Blauburgunder or Spätburgunder), Brazil,French for gray from the grayish colour of the grape.
Canada, Czechoslovakia, England, France, GermanyThe wines range from light, crisp and dry to full and
(Spätburgunder), Greece, Hungary, Italy (Pinotsweet. Other names for this grape around the world
Nero or Blauburgunder), Mexico, New Zealand,include: Auxerrois Gris, Pinot Buot, Rülander, and
Switzerland (Clevner, labeled "Dole" when blendedSzükerbarát.
with Gamay Noir), the United States, and YugoslaviaPinot de Romans or Pinot de l'Ermitage is another
(Burgundac).name for Durif and it isn't a member of the Pinot
Pinot is a difficult grape to work with. It's hard to getfamily.
a consistent, great Pinot and the problem starts withPinot Meunier is really Meunier and is not a member
the plant. Pinot Noir is genetically unstable. A parentof the Pinot family
plant can produce a plant with wildly different berryPinot Nero is just another name for Pinot Noir
size and shape and even flavour. Cabernet SauvignonPinotage is a cross of Pinot Noir and Cinsaut from
has 12 genetically individual clones but Pinot Noir hasSouth Africa. First bred in 1925, it is now widely
up to 1,000 possible clones.grown in South Africa as well as the United States
Pinot Noir seems to pick up every known vineand New Zealand.
disease, mould, fungus and/or pest. It's an early